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Grupo León Jimenes
Grupo León Jimenes, C. por A.,〔C. por A., ''Compañía Por Acciones'', "Shared Company"〕 is one of the largest companies in the Dominican Republic with annual revenue of approximately $600 million and is headquartered in Santo Domingo. Empresa León Jimenes enjoys virtual monopolies in two local markets—beer and cigarettes—as well as having banking and printing operations. It brews ''Presidente'', ''Bohemia'', Miller and Heineken beers, and makes Marlboro cigarettes. It is also the parent company of La Aurora S.A., the maker of ''Aurora'' and ''León Jimenes'' cigars. Executive vice-president of La Aurora S.A. is Guillermo León.
==History==
In 1903 Eduardo León Jimenes opened a cigar factory in the Dominican Republic, making La Auroras cigars. The country was an undeveloped Caribbean nation, and had only gained independence from Haiti in 1844 after twenty-two years of occupation, and from Spain in 1865, after four years of colonial reannexation. Fine cigars, in the eyes of the world, came from Cuba and nowhere else. While today the Dominican Republic has stabilized as the most advanced of the major cigar-producing countries, the past century saw border disputes with neighboring Haiti, occupation by American troops, dictatorship and civil revolt. In the early 1900s, the country was mired in debt, and no one considered it a vacation destination. Because his father, Antonio León, was a tobacco grower, the 20-something-year-old figured on abundant raw material to make cigars for the local market. The factory was located in Guazumal, near Tamboril, which is now famous for its cigar rollers. Some tobacco came from that area, and other fields were in Gurabo, Jacagua and El Ingenio, five or six miles away. In 1903, the Dominican Republic still had dirt roads and in order to make cigars La Aurora had to pack tobacco in wood and ship it by donkey. The rainy season created a quagmire. The beasts of burden trudged through the muck to deliver tobacco to the tiny ''fábrica''. The first La Auroras were ''perfectos'', pointed at each end with a bulbous middle. The cigars were called ''preferidos''. Sales, like the cigars, were entirely Dominican.
Civil strife shut down production at times before La Aurora's 30th anniversary. U.S. military forces marched into the Dominican Republic and occupied the country from 1916 to 1924. Various local generals vied for power and civilians took to the streets. With the revolutions and the uproar, the company was sometimes forced to stop production. In 1930, General Rafael Trujillo seized power from president Horacio Vazquez, creating a dictatorship that would last for more than three decades. Trujillo brought order to the country, but business opportunities became limited. La Aurora wanted to expand from cigars into the lucrative cigarette trade, but Trujillo owned the only company that was producing cigarettes at the time, and he passed laws making it impossible for new entrants to compete due to the duties.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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